Iningi lezinto zokusetshenziswa zezinto eziphikisayo zingeze-bismuth okungezona zepulasitiki, futhi kunzima ukuzicubungula zibe yimikhiqizo eseqediwe ngokwazo.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-binder ye-organic yangaphandle noma i-inorganic binder noma i-binder exubile.Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhethekile eziphikisayo ezihlukile zingaphansi kwe-batching eqinile futhi enembile ukuze kwenziwe udaka olusabalalisa izinhlayiyana ezifanayo, ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi okufanayo, ipulasitiki ethile kanye nokwakheka okulula kanye nemikhiqizo eqedwe kancane.Kuyadingeka ukwamukela inqubo yokukhiqiza esebenza kahle kakhulu, umphumela omuhle wokuxuba nokuxuba okulungile.
(1) Ukufanisa izinhlayiyana
I-billet (udaka) ingenziwa ibe umkhiqizo onobuningi obukhulu kakhulu ngokukhetha ukwakheka kwezinhlayiyana ezifanele.Ngokombono, i-sphere enosayizi owodwa wamayintshi ahlukene nezinto ezihlukile zahlolwa, futhi ukuminyana kwenqwaba kwakucishe kufane.Kunoma yikuphi, i-porosity yayingu-38% ± 1%.Ngakho-ke, ngebhola elinosayizi owodwa, ukuminyana kwayo ngobuningi kanye ne-porosity azimele kusayizi webhola nezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi ahlala enqwabelene ngendlela eyi-hexagonal enenombolo yokuxhumana engu-8.
Indlela yokunqwabelanisa yetiyori yengxenye eyodwa yosayizi ofanayo inekhyubhu, ikholomu etshekile eyodwa, ikholomu etshekile eyinhlanganisela, umumo wephiramidi, kanye ne-tetrahedron.Izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokupakisha ze-sphere yosayizi ofanayo zikhonjiswe ku-Fig. 24. Ubuhlobo phakathi kwendlela yokubeka yezinhlayiya ezilodwa kanye ne-porosity kuboniswe kuThebula 2-26.
Ukuze kwandiswe ukuminyana kwenqwaba yezinto futhi kuncishiswe i-porosity, kusetshenziswa i-sphere yosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezingalingani, okungukuthi, inani elithile lama-sphere amancane lengezwa endaweni enkulu ukuze kwandiswe ukwakheka kwe-sphere, kanye nobudlelwano. phakathi kwevolumu ethathwe i-sphere kanye ne-porosity kuboniswa etafuleni.2-27.
Ngezithako ze-clinker, izinhlayiya eziqinile ziyi-4. 5 mm, izinhlayiya eziphakathi zingu-0.7 mm, izinhlayiya ezinhle ziyi-0.09 mm, futhi ukuguqulwa kwe-clinker porosity ye-clinker kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2-5.
Kusuka kuMfanekiso 2-5, izinhlayiya ezimahhadla zingama-55% ~ 65%, izinhlayiya eziphakathi ziyi-10% ~ 30%, kanti impushana ecolekile ingu-15% ~ 30%.I-porosity ebonakalayo ingancishiswa ibe yi-15.5%.Yiqiniso, izithako zezinto ezikhethekile zokuphikisa zingalungiswa ngokufanele ngokuvumelana nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo kanye nokuma kwezinhlayiyana zezinto.
(2) I-ejenti yebhondi yemikhiqizo ekhethekile ye-refractory
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwezinto ezikhethekile zokuphikisa kanye nendlela yokubumba, ama-binder angasetshenziswa yilezi:
(1) Indlela yokugaya, i-gum arabic, i-polyvinyl butyral, i-hydrazine methyl cellulose, i-sodium acrylate, i-alginate ye-sodium, nokunye okunjalo.
(2) Indlela yokukhama, okuhlanganisa izinto zokugcoba, ama-glycols,
I-polyvinyl alcohol, i-methyl cellulose, isitashi, i-dextrin, i-maltose ne-glycerin.
(3) Indlela yokujova i-wax eshisayo, izibophezelo yilezi: i-parafini wax, ingcina yezinyosi, izinto zokugcoba: i-oleic acid, i-glycerin, i-stearic acid nokunye okunjalo.
(4) Indlela yokuphonsa, i-ejenti yokubopha: i-methyl cellulose, i-ethyl cellulose, i-cellulose acetate, i-polyvinyl butyral, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-acrylic;plasticizer: polyethylene glycol, dioctane Phosphoric acid, dibutyl peroxide, njll .;i-agent ehlakazayo: i-glycerin, i-oleic acid;i-solvent: i-ethanol, i-acetone, i-toluene, nokunye.
(5) Indlela yokujova, i-thermoplastic resin polyethylene, i-polystyrene, i-polypropylene, i-acetyl cellulose, i-propylene resin, njll., ingase futhi ishise i-phenolic resin eqinile;i-lubricant: i-stearic acid.
(6) Indlela yokucindezela ye-Isostatic, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-methyl cellulose, kusetshenziswa uketshezi lwe-sulfite pulp waste, i-phosphate nolunye usawoti we-inorganic lapho kwakhiwa ama-pellets.
(7) Indlela yokucindezela, i-methyl cellulose, i-dextrin, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-sulfite pulp waste liquid, isiraphu noma usawoti omningi wezinto ezingaphili;sulfite pulp waste liquid, methyl cellulose, gum arabic, dextrin noma usawoti we-inorganic kanye ne-inorganic acid, njenge-phosphoric acid noma ama-phosphates.
(3) Izixube zemikhiqizo ekhethekile ephikisayo
Ukuze uthuthukise izakhiwo ezithile zemikhiqizo ekhethekile ye-refractory, lawula ukuguqulwa kwefomu lekristalu le-athikili, unciphise izinga lokushisa lokudubula le-athikili, futhi wengeze inani elincane le-admixture kwifenisha.Lezi zingxube ikakhulukazi ama-oxide ensimbi, ama-non-metal oxides, ama-oxide ensimbi yomhlaba ayivelakancane, ama-fluoride, ama-boridi nama-phosphates.Isibonelo, ukungeza u-1% ~ 3% we-boric acid (H2BO3) ku-γ-Al2O3 kungakhuthaza ukuguqulwa.Ukwengezwa kwe-1% kuya ku-2% TiO2 ku-Al2O3 kunganciphisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa lokudubula (cishe 1600 ° C).Ukwengezwa kwe-TiO2, i-Al2O3, i-ZiO2, ne-V2O5 ku-MgO kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezinhlamvu ze-cristobalite futhi kwehlisa izinga lokushisa lokudubula lomkhiqizo.Ukwengezwa kwe-CaO, i-MgO, i-Y2O3 nezinye izithasiselo ku-ZrO2 impahla eluhlaza ingenziwa ibe yikhambi le-cubic zirconia eliqinile elizinzile ukusuka ekamelweni lokushisa kuya ku-2000 °C ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa okuphezulu.
(4) Indlela nezinto zokuxuba
Indlela yokuxuba okomile
I-mixer eqinile eqinile ethambekele ekhiqizwe ngu-Shandong Konyle inomthamo ongu-0.05 ~ 30m3, ifanele ukuxuba izimpushana ezihlukahlukene, ama-granules, ama-flakes nezinto ezi-low-viscosity, futhi ifakwe i-liquid engeza nedivaysi yokufafaza.
2. Indlela yokuhlanganisa emanzi
Ngendlela evamile yokuxuba okumanzi, izithako zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene zifakwa kumxube weplanethi ofakwe umugqa ovikelayo wokugaya kahle.Ngemva kokwenziwa kwe-slurry, i-plasticizer nezinye izixube zengezwa ukuze kulungiswe ukuminyana kodaka, futhi ingxube ixubene kahle ku-vertical shaft planetary mud mixer, futhi igayiwe futhi yomiswe endaweni yokomisa i-spray granulation.
I-Mixer yeplanethi
3. Indlela yokuhlanganisa ipulasitiki
Ukuze kukhiqizwe indlela yokuhlanganisa eguquguqukayo kakhulu yomkhiqizo oyisipesheli ongenalutho ongenalutho ofanele ukwenziwa kwepulasitiki noma ukwenza udaka.Kule ndlela, izinto ezihlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa, izixube, izinto zokulungisa izinto zepulasitiki, izinto zokugcoba namanzi zixutshwa kahle kumxube weplanethi, bese zixutshwa futhi zixutshwe kumxube oqinile osebenza kahle kakhulu ukuze kukhishwe amabhamuza odakeni.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ipulasitiki yodaka, udaka luxubene nezinto ezidala, futhi udaka lungaphansi kokuxubana kwesibili emshinini wobumba ngaphambi kokubunjwa.I-Koneile ikhiqiza izixube ezisebenza kahle kakhulu nezinamandla njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi:
I-mixer esebenzayo futhi enamandla
I-countercurrent mixer
4. Indlela yokuhlanganisa okomile
Ifanele izindlela zokuxuba nomswakama ophansi.Ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yokuxuba i-semi-dry kuyadingeka emikhiqizweni ekhethekile ye-refractory eyenziwe ngomshini ngezithako ze-granular (izithako ezimahhadla, eziphakathi nezinhle zezigaba ezintathu).Izithako zenziwa kumxube wesihlabathi, umshini wokugaya omanzi, umxube weplanethi noma umxube ophoqelelwe.
Inqubo yokuhlanganisa iwukuba kuqala ukomise ukuxuba amamaki ahlukahlukene ama-granules, wengeze isixazululo samanzi esiqukethe i-binder (i-inorganic noma i-organic), bese wengeza impushana ecolekileyo exutshwe (okuhlanganisa insiza evuthayo, i-ejenti yokunweba, nezinye izithasiselo).I-ejenti) ixubene ngokuphelele.Isikhathi sokuxuba esijwayelekile singama-20 ~ 30min.Udaka oluxubile kufanele luvimbele ukuhlukaniswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana futhi amanzi kufanele asakazwe ngokulinganayo.Uma kunesidingo, izinto zodaka kufanele ziboshwe kahle ngesikhathi sokubunjwa.
Umswakamo wodaka lomkhiqizo owenziwe ngokucindezela ulawulwa ku-2.5% kuya ku-4%;umswakama womkhiqizo obunjwe odaka ulawulwa ku-4.5% kuya ku-6.5%;futhi umswakama womkhiqizo obunjiwe onyakazayo ulawulwa ku-6% kuya ku-8%.
(1) Ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe kochungechunge lwe-CMP yezixube zeplanethi ezonga amandla ezikhiqizwe i-Kone.
(2) Ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe kwesixube sesihlabathi esimanzi
5. Indlela yokuxuba udaka
Indlela yokuxuba udaka iwukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ekhethekile ye-ceramic ephikisayo, ikakhulukazi udaka lodaka lokubumba umjovo we-gypsum, ukubunjwa kokubunjwa nokubunjwa komjovo.Indlela yokusebenza iwukuhlanganisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene, ama-reinforcing agents, ama-suspending agents, izixube kanye no-30% kuya ku-40% wamanzi ahlanzekile emshinini wokugaywa webhola (umshini wokuxuba) nolwelwesi olungagugi, futhi uhlanganise futhi ugaye ngemva kwesikhathi esithile. isikhathi., eyenziwe yaba udaka lodaka lokubumba.Enqubweni yokwenza udaka, kuyadingeka ukulawula ukuminyana kanye ne-pH yodaka ngokuya nezici ezibonakalayo kanye nezidingo zokuziphonsa kodaka ngokwalo.
I-Countercurrent mixer enamandla
Imishini eyinhloko esetshenziswa endleleni yokuxuba udaka umshini wokugaya ibhola, i-air compressor, ukukhishwa kwensimbi emanzi, iphampu yodaka, i-vacuum deaerator, nokunye okunjalo.
6. Indlela yokuxuba ukushisa
Izibophezelo ezisekelwe kupharafini ne-resin ziyizinto eziqinile (noma i-viscous) ezingeni lokushisa elivamile, futhi azikwazi ukuxutshwa ekamelweni lokushisa, futhi kufanele zishiswe futhi zixutshwe.
Upharafini usetshenziswa njengesibophezelo lapho kusetshenziswa inqubo yokufaka ifa elishisayo.Ngenxa yokuthi indawo yokuncibilika ye-wax kapharafini ingu-60~80 °C, i-wax kapharafini iyashisisa ibe ngaphezu kuka-100 °C ekuxutshweni futhi inoketshezi oluhle.Khona-ke i-powder eluhlaza impahla eluhlaza yengezwa kupharafini ewuketshezi, futhi ngemva kokuxuba ngokugcwele nokuxuba, impahla ilungiswa.Ikhekhe le-wax lakhiwa ngokusakazwa kwe-die hot.
Imishini eyinhloko yokuxuba yokushisa ingxube i-agitator eshisayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-20-2018